Date of Award
2027
Document Type
Capstone
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department
Physician Assistant Studies
Committee Chair
LaDonna Clark
Abstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), recently proposed to be termed polyendocrine metabolic syndrome (PMOS), is a complex multifactorial disorder commonly associated with obesity, hyperandrogenism, infertility, and insulin resistance. First-line treatments for metabolic characteristics include lifestyle modifications and metformin; however, metabolic abnormalities may persist. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent a potential therapeutic agent due to their effects on insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, and body weight.
Methods: A literature search of PubMed identified studies examining SGLT2 inhibitors in women with PCOS compared to metformin, standard therapies, or placebo. The search was restricted to randomized controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, and meta-analyses available as free full-text articles in English. Five of 31 studies met the inclusion criteria.
Results: Studies provided evidence that SGLT2 inhibitors may improve endocrine and metabolic outcomes in women with PCOS. Some demonstrated outcomes comparable to metformin, reporting improvements in body composition, hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Combination therapy with SGLT2 inhibitors and metformin indicated beneficial effects in specific metabolic and hormonal markers. However, inconsistent outcomes were reported for menstrual regularity, fertility, body weight, glucose and insulin levels.
Discussion: Recent research suggests SGLT2 inhibitors may become a promising therapeutic option for metabolic dysfunction and potentially hyperandrogenism in overweight or obese women with PCOS. However, evidence is limited by short treatment durations, unstandardized medication regimens, varying measured outcomes and small sample sizes. Continued RCTs with broader populations and longer follow-up are needed to determine their role in PCOS treatment.
Recommended Citation
Curtis-Campbell PN. Efficacy of SGLT2 Inhibitors in the Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. The PA Department Journal of Medical Science. 2026. https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/pa-department-journal-of-medical-science/69
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